Swoole 同步模式與協(xié)程模式的對比

WilsonLiu95 發(fā)布于2019-07-01 12:30 / 1080人閱讀

摘要：開始測試是一個基于的常駐內(nèi)存協(xié)程三模高性能框架，由于該框架同時具備常駐內(nèi)存模式協(xié)程模式，所以能很方便的測試結(jié)果。常駐內(nèi)存模式的進(jìn)程數(shù)配置過多，并發(fā)性能反而會降低，該問題同樣適用于傳統(tǒng)模式。

在現(xiàn)代化 PHP 高級開發(fā)中，Swoole 為 PHP 帶來了更多可能，如：常駐內(nèi)存、協(xié)程，關(guān)于傳統(tǒng)的 Apache/FPM 模式與常駐內(nèi)存模式(同步)的巨大差異，之前我做過測試，大家能直觀的感受到性能的巨大提升，但是協(xié)程到來后，又帶來了多少性能的提升呢？提升的又是哪方面的性能？下面逐步測試一下。

傳統(tǒng)的 Apache/FPM 模式與常駐內(nèi)存模式(同步)的測試文章：
MixPHP 并發(fā)性能全面對比測試

協(xié)程的優(yōu)勢

協(xié)程模式與常駐內(nèi)存模式(同步)/傳統(tǒng)模式相比：

常駐模式/傳統(tǒng)模式都屬于同步阻塞編程，由于同一個進(jìn)程不能并行處理請求，所以為了提高并發(fā)，只能開啟更多的進(jìn)程，通常超過 100 甚至更多，每個進(jìn)程都有基礎(chǔ)的內(nèi)存消耗，加起來就很多了，而且受限于 Linux 總進(jìn)程數(shù)限制，并發(fā)總數(shù)無法突破，加上進(jìn)程非常多之后，CPU 需要更多的線程切換，浪費了很多性能，當(dāng)然相比 FPM 的傳統(tǒng)模式每次都需從頭開始，常駐模式還是要好非常多的，但是協(xié)程顯然更加優(yōu)秀。

協(xié)程模式的執(zhí)行方式：

協(xié)程模式中一個進(jìn)程可以同時執(zhí)行 N 個請求，但同一時刻只執(zhí)行其中的某一個請求，也就是說，當(dāng)執(zhí)行到 MySQL/Redis 這些客戶端時，由于需要等待客戶端響應(yīng)，常駐模式/傳統(tǒng)模式通常是在傻傻的等待響應(yīng)，而協(xié)程這個時候會掛起當(dāng)前協(xié)程，切換到其他協(xié)程中去處理其他請求，所以協(xié)程能同時處理 N 個請求，每增加一個請求只需增加一些內(nèi)存消耗，相比增加一個進(jìn)程的內(nèi)存消耗，顯然是少太多的，由于協(xié)程能并行處理，所以通常只需配置于 CPU 數(shù)量 1～2 倍左右的進(jìn)程數(shù)即可，更少的進(jìn)程帶來更少的 CPU 線程切換，又減少很多性能損耗。

開始測試

MixPHP 是一個基于 Swoole 的FPM、常駐內(nèi)存、協(xié)程三模 PHP 高性能框架，由于該框架同時具備常駐內(nèi)存模式、協(xié)程模式，所以能很方便的測試結(jié)果。

測試環(huán)境：

docker 容器，限制只能使用 1 CPU。

其他參數(shù)如下：

Server      Name:      mix-httpd
Framework   Version:   1.1.0-RC
PHP         Version:   7.2.9
Swoole      Version:   4.1.0
Listen      Addr:      127.0.0.1
Listen      Port:      9501

代碼：

模擬常用的 HTTP 開發(fā)需求，執(zhí)行三個 SQL 請求。

// 默認(rèn)動作
public function actionIndex()
{
    PDO::createCommand("select * from `test` where id = 1")->queryOne();
    PDO::createCommand("select * from `test` where id = 2")->queryOne();
    return PDO::createCommand("select * from `test` limit 5")->queryAll();
}

測試結(jié)果

常駐內(nèi)存模式(同步)：

進(jìn)程數(shù)	并發(fā)數(shù)	RPS
8	100	838.65
8	300	683.78
8	500	688.56
50	100	770.69
50	300	304.90
50	300	378.95

協(xié)程模式：

進(jìn)程數(shù)	并發(fā)數(shù)	RPS
8	100	834.12
8	300	837.50
8	500	824.14

協(xié)程在本次測試中并沒有像之前的傳統(tǒng) Apache/FPM 模式與常駐內(nèi)存模式(同步)的測試一樣展現(xiàn)出巨大的性能提升，說明：

在少量能快速響應(yīng)的 SQL 請求中，協(xié)程的提升并不明顯，應(yīng)該要在響應(yīng)時間更大時，才能感受到協(xié)程優(yōu)勢。

常駐內(nèi)存模式的進(jìn)程數(shù)配置過多，并發(fā)性能反而會降低，該問題同樣適用于傳統(tǒng) Apache/FPM 模式。

常駐內(nèi)存模式(同步)詳細(xì)測試

首先 8 個 Worker 進(jìn)程，并發(fā) 100 測試，RPS 為 838.65。

C:UsersEDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   11.924 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    838.65 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       119.239 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.192 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          217.85 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.2      0       4
Processing:    20  118  18.3    118     195
Waiting:       19  118  18.4    118     195
Total:         20  118  18.4    119     195

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    119
  66%    126
  75%    130
  80%    133
  90%    141
  95%    147
  98%    155
  99%    161
 100%    195 (longest request)

然后使用 8 個 Worker 進(jìn)程，并發(fā) 300 測試，RPS 為 683.78。

C:UsersEDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 300 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      300
Time taken for tests:   14.624 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    683.78 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       438.735 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.462 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          177.62 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0  30.0      0    3000
Processing:    62  432 493.4    354    3457
Waiting:       54  431 488.1    354    3455
Total:         62  433 494.1    354    3457

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    354
  66%    373
  75%    385
  80%    392
  90%    411
  95%    432
  98%   3170
  99%   3266
 100%   3457 (longest request)

然后使用 8 個 Worker 進(jìn)程，并發(fā) 500 測試，RPS 為 688.56。

C:UsersEDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 500 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      500
Time taken for tests:   14.523 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    688.56 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       726.150 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.452 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          178.87 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0  30.0      0    3000
Processing:   102  707 618.4    596    3632
Waiting:       89  703 605.6    595    3629
Total:        102  707 618.9    596    3633

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    596
  66%    620
  75%    635
  80%    645
  90%    679
  95%   3125
  98%   3401
  99%   3495
 100%   3633 (longest request)

現(xiàn)在調(diào)整為 50 進(jìn)程，100 并發(fā)測試，RPS 為 770.69。
進(jìn)程的增加并沒有帶來并發(fā)量的提升。

C:UsersEDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   12.975 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    770.69 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       129.754 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.298 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          200.20 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    1  42.4      0    3000
Processing:    10  128 499.8     56    7137
Waiting:       10  127 495.8     55    7137
Total:         11  129 503.3     56    7137

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%     56
  66%     72
  75%     86
  80%     97
  90%    133
  95%    179
  98%    312
  99%   3052
 100%   7137 (longest request)

50 進(jìn)程，300 并發(fā)測試，RPS 為 304.90。
對比 8 個進(jìn)程時的結(jié)果，并發(fā)量降低非常明顯，看來進(jìn)程數(shù)過多并不能提升性能，反而會降低性能。

C:UsersEDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 300 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      300
Time taken for tests:   32.798 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    304.90 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       983.942 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       3.280 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          79.20 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    3  90.0      0    3001
Processing:    25  976 1339.8    189    3694
Waiting:       23  954 1316.5    188    3691
Total:         25  979 1341.0    189    3694

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    189
  66%    289
  75%   3094
  80%   3113
  90%   3184
  95%   3249
  98%   3315
  99%   3375
 100%   3694 (longest request)

50 進(jìn)程，500 并發(fā)測試，RPS 為 378.95。

C:UsersEDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 500 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      500
Time taken for tests:   26.389 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    378.95 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       1319.431 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       2.639 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          98.44 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    2  79.4      0    3001
Processing:    64 1306 1434.7    341    3962
Waiting:       17 1224 1391.4    321    3959
Total:         65 1308 1435.2    342    3963

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    342
  66%   3142
  75%   3168
  80%   3195
  90%   3292
  95%   3374
  98%   3467
  99%   3516
 100%   3963 (longest request)

協(xié)程模式詳細(xì)測試

首先 8 個 Worker 進(jìn)程，并發(fā) 100 測試，RPS 為 834.12。

C:UsersEDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   11.989 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    834.12 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       119.886 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.199 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          216.68 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.3      0       4
Processing:    84  119   9.8    122     165
Waiting:       84  119   9.8    122     164
Total:         84  119   9.8    123     165

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    123
  66%    124
  75%    125
  80%    125
  90%    126
  95%    128
  98%    131
  99%    137
 100%    165 (longest request)

然后使用 8 個 Worker 進(jìn)程，并發(fā) 300 測試，RPS 為 837.50。

C:UsersEDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 300 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      300
Time taken for tests:   11.940 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    837.50 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       358.207 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.194 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          217.55 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    1  42.4      0    3001
Processing:    86  354 1043.0    161    7172
Waiting:       86  344 1011.9    160    7172
Total:         86  355 1044.5    161    7172

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    161
  66%    182
  75%    199
  80%    212
  90%    251
  95%    302
  98%   6103
  99%   6135
 100%   7172 (longest request)

然后使用 8 個 Worker 進(jìn)程，并發(fā) 500 測試，RPS 為 824.14。

C:UsersEDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 500 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      500
Time taken for tests:   12.134 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    824.14 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       606.690 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.213 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          214.08 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.3      0       4
Processing:    92  332 585.3    198    6931
Waiting:       91  331 585.5    196    6931
Total:         92  332 585.3    198    6931

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    198
  66%    242
  75%    284
  80%    334
  90%    587
  95%    932
  98%   1216
  99%   2390
 100%   6931 (longest request)

MixPHP

GitHub: https://github.com/mixstart/m...
官網(wǎng)：http://www.mixphp.cn/

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上云采購季！| 2核2G4M爆款云服務(wù)器低至59元/年，更有多臺、長期優(yōu)惠，快來選購！

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